Stetson Kennedy: Reporter infiltrated the KKK
Stetson Kennedy was an American investigative journalist who became the scourge of the Ku Klux Klan after he infiltrated the white supremacist group and exposed its secret rituals to ridicule.
He died Aug. 27 at the age of 94.
The Klan's origins lay in Tennessee and dated from shortly after the American Civil War, but by early in the 20th century, it had all but disappeared. Then, on Thanksgiving 1915, it was relaunched in an infamous mountaintop cross-burning ceremony. Over the next 50 years, Klansmen staged equally sinister rallies intended to recruit new members and terrorize black people and the sect's new targets - Jews, Roman Catholics and Communists.h
In the mid-1940s, masquerading as an encyclopedia salesman called John Perkins (a name inspired by his uncle Brady Perkins, who had been the Grand Titan of the Florida Realm of the Klan), Kennedy infiltrated the sect's high command in Atlanta, Ga.
While working as a consultant to the Superman radio show, he provided the producers with information on the Klan's rituals and secret code words. When he learned of the Klan's plans, Kennedy would thwart them by ensuring that they were broadcast.
Despite the best effort of the Klan to discover the identity of their mole, Kennedy managed to escape detection until 1951, when he blew his cover by testifying against the Klan before a federal grand jury investigating bomb attacks aimed at black, Catholic and Jewish centres in Florida, one of which had killed a leader of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.
Once unmasked, Kennedy wrote a book, I Rode With The Ku Klux Klan (1954), in the style of a Mickey Spillane novel.
William Stetson Kennedy was born on Oct. 5, 1916, in Jacksonville, Fla., and was related on his mother's side to John Stetson, the hat manufacturer. He was exposed at an early age to segregation and the unequal treatment of minorities.
In 1937, he left the University of Florida to take a job with the government's Work Projects Administration. He travelled the state gathering folklore, oral histories and data for the agency's guidebook series before becoming director of the Anti-Nazi League of New York.
He launched his crusade against the Klan during the Second World War. "All my friends were in service, and they were being shot at in a big way. They were fighting racism whether they knew it or not," he said.
In 1952, after the Klan posted a bounty on his head, Kennedy unsuccessfully ran for governor of Florida. He then travelled to Europe to testify in Geneva before a United Nations commission about forced labour in the American South. When Kennedy wrote a mock tourist handbook about the so-called Jim Crow laws that governed every aspect of racial segregation in the South, no American publisher would handle it. The Jim Crow Guide was eventually published in France in 1956 by Jean-Paul Sartre.
Kennedy spent the rest of his professional life working for community development agencies in the Jacksonville area of Florida. But late in life he faced charges that some of his Klan writings had been fabricated or exaggerated. Kennedy duly acknowledged that some of the material in I Rode With the Ku Klux Klan had come from another Klan infiltrator who had not wanted his name used, which seemed reasonable as, even after turning 90, Kennedy continued to receive threats from angry Klan members.
Kennedy said he wove his and the other man's experiences into a narrative to make them more compelling. Moreover, he had admitted as much to Peggy Bulger 20 years before. "It was hardly a coverup," Kennedy said. "I've been doing this for too many decades to owe anybody much of an apology."
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